diff --git a/internal/config/config.go b/internal/config/config.go
index 621cfa0..6ae6b55 100644
--- a/internal/config/config.go
+++ b/internal/config/config.go
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/notif"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/proxmox"
 	proxy "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/route/provider"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/task"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
 	F "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils/functional"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils/strutils/ansi"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/watcher"
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ func (cfg *Config) load() gperr.Error {
 	}
 
 	model := config.DefaultConfig()
-	if err := utils.UnmarshalValidateYAML(data, model); err != nil {
+	if err := serialization.UnmarshalValidateYAML(data, model); err != nil {
 		gperr.LogFatal(errMsg, err)
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/homepage/homepage.go b/internal/homepage/homepage.go
index 2d9bcc3..13d78bb 100644
--- a/internal/homepage/homepage.go
+++ b/internal/homepage/homepage.go
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"slices"
 
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/homepage/widgets"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 )
 
 type (
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ type (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	utils.RegisterDefaultValueFactory(func() *ItemConfig {
+	serialization.RegisterDefaultValueFactory(func() *ItemConfig {
 		return &ItemConfig{
 			Show: true,
 		}
diff --git a/internal/homepage/list_icons.go b/internal/homepage/list_icons.go
index 734282d..cb96ba8 100644
--- a/internal/homepage/list_icons.go
+++ b/internal/homepage/list_icons.go
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/lithammer/fuzzysearch/fuzzy"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/common"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/task"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils/strutils"
 )
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func InitIconListCache() {
 	iconsCache.Lock()
 	defer iconsCache.Unlock()
 
-	err := utils.LoadJSONIfExist(common.IconListCachePath, iconsCache)
+	err := serialization.LoadJSONIfExist(common.IconListCachePath, iconsCache)
 	if err != nil {
 		logging.Error().Err(err).Msg("failed to load icons")
 	} else if len(iconsCache.Icons) > 0 {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func InitIconListCache() {
 	}
 
 	task.OnProgramExit("save_icons_cache", func() {
-		utils.SaveJSON(common.IconListCachePath, iconsCache, 0o644)
+		serialization.SaveJSON(common.IconListCachePath, iconsCache, 0o644)
 	})
 }
 
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func ListAvailableIcons() (*Cache, error) {
 
 	iconsCache.LastUpdate = time.Now()
 
-	err := utils.SaveJSON(common.IconListCachePath, iconsCache, 0o644)
+	err := serialization.SaveJSON(common.IconListCachePath, iconsCache, 0o644)
 	if err != nil {
 		logging.Warn().Err(err).Msg("failed to save icons")
 	}
diff --git a/internal/homepage/widgets/widgets.go b/internal/homepage/widgets/widgets.go
index e653b69..8aea2af 100644
--- a/internal/homepage/widgets/widgets.go
+++ b/internal/homepage/widgets/widgets.go
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/gperr"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 )
 
 type (
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (cfg *Config) UnmarshalMap(m map[string]any) error {
 	if !ok {
 		return gperr.New("invalid config")
 	}
-	if err := utils.MapUnmarshalValidate(m, &cfg.Config); err != nil {
+	if err := serialization.MapUnmarshalValidate(m, &cfg.Config); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
diff --git a/internal/jsonstore/jsonstore.go b/internal/jsonstore/jsonstore.go
index 54ff2ed..cf7c036 100644
--- a/internal/jsonstore/jsonstore.go
+++ b/internal/jsonstore/jsonstore.go
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/common"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/gperr"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/task"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
 )
 
 type namespace string
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func loadNS[T store](ns namespace) T {
 func save() error {
 	errs := gperr.NewBuilder("failed to save data stores")
 	for ns, store := range stores {
-		if err := utils.SaveJSON(filepath.Join(storesPath, string(ns)+".json"), &store, 0o644); err != nil {
+		if err := serialization.SaveJSON(filepath.Join(storesPath, string(ns)+".json"), &store, 0o644); err != nil {
 			errs.Add(err)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/cidr_whitelist.go b/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/cidr_whitelist.go
index 6b9271f..5b6559b 100644
--- a/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/cidr_whitelist.go
+++ b/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/cidr_whitelist.go
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
 	gphttp "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/net/gphttp"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/net/types"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 	F "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils/functional"
 )
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	utils.MustRegisterValidation("status_code", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+	serialization.MustRegisterValidation("status_code", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
 		statusCode := fl.Field().Int()
 		return gphttp.IsStatusCodeValid(int(statusCode))
 	})
diff --git a/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go b/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go
index 213aa10..bab1cb8 100644
--- a/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go
+++ b/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
 	gphttp "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/net/gphttp"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/net/gphttp/reverseproxy"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 )
 
 type (
@@ -118,14 +118,14 @@ func (m *Middleware) apply(optsRaw OptionsRaw) gperr.Error {
 		"priority": optsRaw["priority"],
 		"bypass":   optsRaw["bypass"],
 	}
-	if err := utils.MapUnmarshalValidate(commonOpts, &m.commonOptions); err != nil {
+	if err := serialization.MapUnmarshalValidate(commonOpts, &m.commonOptions); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	optsRaw = maps.Clone(optsRaw)
 	for k := range commonOpts {
 		delete(optsRaw, k)
 	}
-	return utils.MapUnmarshalValidate(optsRaw, m.impl)
+	return serialization.MapUnmarshalValidate(optsRaw, m.impl)
 }
 
 func (m *Middleware) finalize() error {
diff --git a/internal/route/provider/docker.go b/internal/route/provider/docker.go
index 36c1811..111018d 100755
--- a/internal/route/provider/docker.go
+++ b/internal/route/provider/docker.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/gperr"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/route"
-	U "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils/strutils"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/watcher"
 )
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ func (p *DockerProvider) routesFromContainerLabels(container *docker.Container)
 		}
 
 		// deserialize map into entry object
-		err := U.MapUnmarshalValidate(entryMap, r)
+		err := serialization.MapUnmarshalValidate(entryMap, r)
 		if err != nil {
 			errs.Add(err.Subject(alias))
 		} else {
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ func (p *DockerProvider) routesFromContainerLabels(container *docker.Container)
 	}
 	if wildcardProps != nil {
 		for _, re := range routes {
-			if err := U.MapUnmarshalValidate(wildcardProps, re); err != nil {
+			if err := serialization.MapUnmarshalValidate(wildcardProps, re); err != nil {
 				errs.Add(err.Subject(docker.WildcardAlias))
 				break
 			}
diff --git a/internal/route/provider/file.go b/internal/route/provider/file.go
index 6c23a60..6d964cc 100644
--- a/internal/route/provider/file.go
+++ b/internal/route/provider/file.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/gperr"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/route"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/serialization"
 	W "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/watcher"
 )
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func FileProviderImpl(filename string) (ProviderImpl, error) {
 }
 
 func validate(data []byte) (routes route.Routes, err gperr.Error) {
-	err = utils.UnmarshalValidateYAML(data, &routes)
+	err = serialization.UnmarshalValidateYAML(data, &routes)
 	return
 }